Reflexive clitic "p'-" (one's own ...)
When expressing that someone goes to his/her own home, the owner must be referred by reflexive clitic "p'-"(his/her)". In other words, when a noun belongs to the subject of the clause, the noun must be preceded by a recflexive clitic "p'-".
001 | jang | p'-raf-toX | vi-d |
N | reflexive-N-allative | Vi-fin. | |
he/she | his/her own-house-to | go | |
He/She | went back to (his/her own) | house |
If "p'-" doesn't precede, the meaning of the sentence will be a deferent one.
002 | jang | taf-toX | vi-d |
PN3sg. | N-allative | Vi-fin. | |
he/she | house-to | go | |
He/She went to the house | (not to the | other places). |
The implication of the sentence is "the place which he went to was not the sea, the mountain nor the river"
And if a possesive clitice "ja-"(his/her/its) precedes in the place of "p'-"(his/her/its own), it indicates the other person than the subject of the clause.
003 | jang | ja-raf-toX | vi-d |
PN3sg. | PN3sg.poss.-N-allative | Vi-fin. | |
he/she | his/her-house-to | go | |
He1/She1 | visited his2/her2 | house. |
He1/She1 and his2/her2 are not the same person.
The reflexive "p'-" indicates all the person (1st, 2nd, 3rd, sg, and pl.)
004 | n'i | p'-raf-toX | vi-d |
PN1sg. | reflexive-N-allative | Vi-fin. | |
I | my own-house-to | go | |
I | went back to my | house. |
Following example may be understood, but not usual expression.
005 | *n'i | n'-raf-toX | vi-d |
PN1sg. | PN1sg.poss.-N-allative | Vi-fin. | |
I | my-house-to | go | |
I | visited my | house. |